USC Guarani Corpus

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Additional Resources Publications

Story #4

Kavara i-sánto ára-rõ guare

Goat 3.Poss-saint day-Cond Distal

'When the Goat’s Birthday (Arrived)'

'Cuando el día del santo de la cabra'


Hover over Guaraní morphemes written in purple to see their syntactic function.

Audio for Story #4:


O-guahẽ-vo i-sánto ára,
3Sg-arrive-Conj.Simult 3.Poss–saint day

When his saint day arrived,

Al llegar el día de su santo,

o-sẽ kavara o-mombe’u o-japó -ta-Prospective Aspect haSubordinator 'ha' hóga-pe karu guasu.
3Sg-go.out goat 3Sg-say 3Sg-do -Prosp- Sub 3.Poss-house-Loc meal big

the goat went out to say that there was going to be a big meal at this house.

salió la cabra a contar que va a hacer una comilona en su casa.


H-ovaja ovechá-pe raẽ-ve-te o-visita-
3.Poss-brother.in.law sheep-DOM first-more-Superl 3Sg-visit-

He went first to visit his brother-in-law the sheep

A su cuñado la oveja fue a visitarlo primerito,


haSubordinator 'ha' o-jerure i-chupe o-ho haguãIrrealis Subordinator 'ha' o-vy’a-mi hendive.
Sub 3Sg-ask 3Sg.Pron.IO 3Sg-go Sub.Irr 3Sg-have.fun-Dim 3Sg.Pron-Obl

and he asked him to go have fun with him.

y le pidió para que vaya a divertirse con él.


——Oikó -ta-Prospective Aspect karu guasu ha ña-hendú -ta-Prospective Aspect mbaraka-pu ——he’i chupe.
——Exist -Prosp feast big Conj 1Pl.Incl-listen -Prosp guitar ——3Sg.say 3Sg.Pron.IO

"There will be a big meal and we will listen to guitar-playing," he said.

"Habrá comilona y vamos a escuchar guitarreada," le dijo.


——A-ha-se-te jepe, pero o-guahẽ -ta-Prospective Aspect -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' ro’y
——1Sg-go-Des-Superl Adv.Conj Conj 3Sg-arrive -Prosp -Asp cold

"Although I want to go, winter will arrive

"Aunque quisiera ir, ya va a llegar el frío


ha ore kuri,Retrospective Aspect 'kuri' ro-ñe-ñapĩ-mba
Conj 1Pl.Excl.Pron Retrosp.Asp 1Pl.Excl-Refl-sheer-Compl

and they just completely sheared us.

y nos esquilaron todo recién.


Katu-ete a-ha vae’rã che memby-kuéra ao-rã joguá-vo
Mod-Superl 1Sg-go Mod 1Sg.Poss child-Pl clothe-Irrealis buy-Asp.Goal

Surely, I need to go to my children’s to buy their clothes,"

Sin falta tengo que ir a lo de mis hijos a comprar para su ropa,"


——he’i chupe ovecha.
——3Sg.say 3Sg.Pron.IO sheep

the sheep said to him.

le dijo la oveja.


Ha upé -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' -rõ o-hasa meme kavara.
Conj Dem -Asp -Cond 3Sg-pass right.after goat

And when right after that the goat passed by,

Y cuando seguidamente pasó la cabra,


O-ho o-momarandu kavajú-pe.
3Sg-go 3Sg-inform horse-IO

he went to inform the horse.

fue a avisarle al caballo.


O-guahẽ-vo -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' óga atukupe guio
3Sg-arrive-Conj.Simult -Asp house behind towards

When he arrived behind the house,

Al llegar ya hacia detrás de la casa,


ha’e-te o-hendú-va peteĩ gualambáu pu kangy-mi;
be-Superl 3Sg-hear-Hab one instrument music soft-Dim

he clearly heard a soft musical instrument [playing];

escuchó claramente una música suave;


nipo ra'eMatrix ra'e, speaker oriented - Narrator realizes chavurró-nte o-ñe’ẽ hínaContinuative [ra'e]Either ra'e can be omitted kavaju ndive.
Part Evid donkey-only 3Sg-speak Cont [Evid] horse with

it turns out that it was only the donkey speaking with the horse.

había sido el burro nomás estaba hablando con el caballo.


O-momaiteí-vo chupe kuéra kavara, o-sẽ -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' puka-vyreípe kavaju:
3Sg-greet-Conj.Simult 3Pl.Pron-IO Pl goat 3Sg-go.out -Asp smiling-for.no.reason horse

When the goat greeted them, the horse came out already smiling for no apparent reason:

Al saludarles la cabra, ya salió el caballo sonriente por ninguna razón aparente:


——E-je-peté-ke yvý-re, e-hasa ko’ã-pe ja-guapy ——he’i kavará-pe.
——Imp-Refl-throw-Imp floor-Obl Imp-pass Dem-Loc 1Pl.Incl-sit.down ——3Sg-say goat-IO

"Throw yourself to the ground, come here, let’s sit down," he said to the goat.

"Tírate al suelo, pasa aquí, vamos a sentarnos," le dijo a la cabra.


Ha o-guapy kavara o-mombe’u
Conj 3Sg-sit.down goat 3Sg-tell

And the goat sat down to say

Y se sentó la cabra a contar


o-poro-invita- haSubordinator 'ha' oi-kó-vo karu guasu-rã, i-sánto ára rehe-gua
3Sg-Indef.Pron.Obj-invite- Sub 3Pl-be-Asp.Goal meal big-Irrealis 3.Poss-saint day Prep.Obl-Source

that he was inviting for a big meal, for his saint day.

que estaba invitando para la comilona, por el día de su santo.


Ha katu o-sẽ -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' kavaju o-ñambyvo mbegue ha he’i:
Conj then 3Sg-go.out -Asp horse 3Sg-snore softly Conj 3Sg.say

And then the horse already comes out and snores softly and says:

Y entonces ya sale el caballo a sonarse [reniflar] suavemente y dice:


——A-ha-se va’erã mo’ã jepe añete,
——1Sg-go-Des Mod almost Adv.Conj truly

"Although I really would like to go,

"Me hubiera querido ir realmente,


[anga]katu ko’ẽrõ ha’e-té-pe avei o-mendá -ta-Prospective Aspect che ryke’y
Conj tomorrow be-Emph-Loc also 3Sg-marry -Prosp 1Sg.Poss brother

(but) tomorrow my brother is also getting married.

pero mañana justamente también se casará mi hermano.


ha pé-inaContinuative ko’ã-pe hovaja [tobaja] chavurro o-u avei che-konvida;
Conj Dem-Cont Dem-Loc brother.in.law donkey 3Sg-come also 1Sg.Pron.DO-invite

And here comes my brother-in-law the donkey to invite me also;

Y acá viene mi cuñado el burro a invitarme también;


ha’e jepé -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' chupe a-ha -ta-Prospective Aspect ha.Subordinator 'ha'
3Sg.say even -Asp 3Sg.Pron.IO 1Sg-go -Prosp- Sub

I even already said to him that I will go."

hasta ya le dije que voy a ir."


Ha o-ho meme jevy kavara.
Conj 3Sg-go continuously again goat

And the goat passed on again without stopping.

Y la cabra pasó de largo nuevamente sin deternerse.


Upé -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' -rõ o-guahẽ vaka róga-pe
Dem -Asp -Cond 3Sg-arrive cow house-Loc

And then when [the goat] arrived at the cow’s house

Y cuando después llegó a la casa de la vaca


ha kóa o-sẽ jeý-nte avei he’i kavará-pe:
Conj Dem 3Sg-go.out again-FOC also 3Sg.say goat-IO

and this one came out again to also say to the goat:

y ésta sale nuevamente a decirle también a la cabra:


——Che ména niko o-je-juka ko áño pyahu oi-ké-vo kuri,Retrospective Aspect 'kuri'
——1Sg.Poss husband FOC 3Sg-Refl-kill Dem year new 3Sg-go-Conj.Simult Retrosp.Asp

"My husband was killed when the new year began,

"A mi marido se le mató al comienzo de este nuevo año,


ha pé-inaContinuative niko ro-ñembo’e gueteri hese roínaEmphasis on 'hese'. Present continuative even in the absence of roína.
Conj Dem-Cont FOC 1Pl.Excl-pray still 3Sg.Pron.Obl 2Pl.Excl.Cont

and here we are still praying for him

y he aquí que estamos aún rezando por él


ha a-hupi gueteri lúto hese;
Conj 1Sg-lift still mourning 3Sg.Pron.Obl

and I am still in mourning for him;

y llevo todavía el luto por él;


a-tĩ ete, che áma, a-sẽ haguãIrrealis Subordinator 'ha' a-heja che ména ñembo’e
1Sg-feel.shame Superl 1Sg.Poss dear 1Sg-go.out Sub.Irr 1Sg-leave 1Sg.Poss husband prayer

I would feel shame, my dear, to go out and leave my husband’s prayer

me da mucha vergüenza, mi querida, para salir y dejar el rezo de mi marido


ha a-ha aipo karu guasu- há-Nominalizer 'ha' pe.
Conj 1Sg-go Dem meal big- Rel- Loc

and go to that feast."

e ir a tal comilona."


Upéi-gui o-sẽ-vo, o-ñe-mbyasý -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' kavara,
Dem-Prep 3Sg-go.out-Conj.Simult 3Sg-Refl-be.sad -Asp goat

When leaving, the goal already felt sad,

Al salir de ahí, ya se sintió triste la cabra,


ha o-pensa o-hó-vo máva-pe-pa o-invita: kure niko i-tajasu-eterei.
Conj 3Sg-think 3Sg-go-Asp.Goal who-DOM-Q 3Sg-invite pig FOC 3.Poss-dirty-Superl

and he went thinking who else to invite: the pig is too dirty.

y se fue pensando a quién más invitar: el cerdo es demasiado puerco.


Jagua i-ñorairõ-hýi- ha... Mbarakaja katu rasa na-heko-rã-i...
Dog 3.Poss-fight-desire- Conj cat Emph manners Neg-3Sg.have-Mod-Neg

The dog is a fighter and the cat lacks manners,

El perro es peleador y el gato no tiene modales,


i-chavi eterei, ñane-mo-tĩ-mba.
3Sg-ordinary Superl 1Pl.Excl-Caus-shame-Compl

he is too ordinary, he makes us ashamed.

es demasiado ordinario, nos avergüenza.


Amo ipahápe o-ho o-guahẽ i-komádre kavara róga-pe,
Dem finally 3Sg-go 3Sg-arrive 3.Poss-fem.close.friend goat house-Loc

And there finally he arrived at the house of his close friend the [female] goat,

Y allá al final fue a llegar a la casa de la comadra cabra,


o-invitá-vo avei chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun i-sánto ára-há-peLocational Relative Pronoun 'ha' guarã.
3Sg-invite-Asp.Goal also 3.Pron.DO 3.Poss-saint day-Rel-Loc Irrealis

to invite her also for his saint day.

a invitarla también para su día santo.


Ha i-komádre ae no-momarã-i chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
Conj 3.Poss-fem.close.friend Caus Neg-let.down-Neg 3.Pron.DO

And his close friend did not let him down.

Y su comadre al fín no le defraudó.


O-sẽ voi 'Voi' Focalizer Particle o-huguaitĩ-vo chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
3Sg-go.out Emph 3Sg-meet-Asp.Goal 3.Pron.DO

She came out to meet him.

Salió luego a su encuentro [a encontrarle].


——Che-ra’arõ-nte -ma,Aspect/Focalizer '-ma' katu-ete a-há -ta-Prospective Aspect ——he’i chupe, vy’apópe.
——1Sg.Pron.DO-wait-only -Asp Emph-Superl 1Sg-go -Prosp ——3Sg.say 3Sg.Pron.IO happily

"Just wait for me, I will go for sure," she told him, happily.

"Espérame nomás ya, iré sin falta," le dijo, con alegría.


Ka’arú -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' o-ho kavara hóga-pe,
Afternoon -Asp 3Sg-go goat 3.Poss.house-Loc

It was already the afternoon when the goat returned to his house,

Ya de tarde se fue [volvió] la cabra a su casa,


i-komái añoite n-o-momarãi chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
3.Poss-fem.friend alone Neg-3Sg-let.down 3.Pron.DO

only his friend (she-goat) did not let him down.

su comadre solita no lo defraudó.


Ha upe ko’ẽ-me o-guahẽ -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' santo ára guasu,
Conj then morning-Loc 3Sg-arrive -Asp saint day big

And then in the morning the big day——his saint day——arrived,

Y después al la mañana siguiente, ya llegó el gran día de su santo,


mesa puku ári i-ñasãi tembi’u i-porã-nguete, i-japichy-re -va,Relativizer 'va'
table long on 3Sg-spread food 3.Poss-good-Superl 3.Poss-touch-Obl -Rel

and on a long table were spread the best foods, to be eaten,

sobre la larga mesa estaban esparcidas las mejores comidas, para comer [masticables],


ha avei ña-moko va’erã, guaripóla-kuéra.
Conj also 1Pl.Poss-drink Mod alcoholic-Pl

and also to drink, alcoholic drinks.

y también para beber, bebidas alcohólicas.


Ha kavara o-sẽ jepi o-ma’ẽ mbuku tapé-re
Conj goat 3Sg-go.out frequently 3Sg-look at.length road-Obl

And the goat went out frequently to watch the road

Y la cabra salió cada tanto a mirar [largamente] por el camino,


ja-hechá-pa i-komái n-aiñapysẽ-i gueteri.
1Pl.Incl-see-Compl 3.Poss-fem.friend Neg-show.up-Neg still

to see if his friend [the she goat] still didn’t show up.

a ver si su comadre no se asoma aún.


Asaje pyté-vo, o-guahẽ o-hó-vo hapicha kavara la vy’a- há-pe.Locational Relative Pronoun 'ha'
Noon around-Conj.Simult 3Sg-arrive 3Sg-go-Asp.Goal his.kind goat Def.Det happy- Rel-Loc

Around noon, his friend the goat came arriving at the party.

Hacía el mediodía, fue llegando su semejante la cabra a la fiesta.


Óga jára katu nda-hory-pá-i, o-ĩ o-moangekói-va chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
House mistress Emph Neg-happy-Compl-Neg 3Sg-exist 3Sg-bother-Hab 3.Pron.DO

The mistress of the house was not entirely happy; something was bothering her.

La dueña de casa no estaba muy contenta [amable]; había algo que le molestaba.


O-sẽ o-maña porã i-komádre rehe ha he’i chupe:
3Sg-go.out 3Sg-look well 3.Poss-fem.friend Prep.Obl Conj 3Sg.say 3Sg.Pron.IO

He came out to look closely at his friend [the she goat] and said to her:

Salió a mirarle atentamente a su comadre y le dijo:


——Mamó-gui -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' piko péicha re-ju la che santo ára há-pe,Locational Relative Pronoun 'ha'
——Where-Prep -Asp Q this.way 2Sg-come Def.Det 1Sg.Poss saint day Rel-Loc

"From where do you come to my saint day like this,

"De dónde ya venís así a mi día santo,


che-motĩ, nde che komádre kuñakarai guasu!
1Sg.Poss-shame 2Sg.Pron.Subj 1Sg.Poss fem.friend lady big

you make me ashamed, you my friend the grand lady!"

me avergüenzas, tú mi comadre, la gran señora!"


——Ma’ẽ-mí-na, ne-rendyva-pa, ne-ratĩ ha ne-katĩ re-jú-vo,
——Look-Dim-Rog 2Sg.Poss-beard-Compl 2Sg.Poss-horn Conj 2Sg.Poss-bad.odor 2Sg-come-Conj.Simult

"Look at this, you have a beard, you have horns, and you come with your bad odor,

"Mira un poco, tenés barba, tenés cuerno y venís con tu cantiga,


ha hi’ari-ve pe nde revi ningo oka-ité-pe
Conj on.top-more Dem 2Sg.Poss tail FOC out-Superl-Loc

And on top, your tail is completely out,"

Y encima de todo, tu cola está totalmente afuera,"


——he’i chupe la i-sánto ára -va,Relativizer 'va'
——3Sg.say 3Sg.Pron.IO Def.Det 3.Poss-saint day -Rel

she [the goat] said to the one having a birthday.

le dijo al que estaba de cumpleaño,


ha ha’e hesarái kavara -haSubordinator 'ha' avei.
Conj 3.Pron forgot goat -ha also

And she forgot she is also a goat.

y ella se olvidó que también es cabra.