Guarani Corpus

Funded by NSF BCS-1917619

Additional Resources Publications

Story #14

Pombero Indio

'Pombero Indian'


Hover over Guaraní morphemes written in purple to see their syntactic function.

Audio for Story #14:


O-nase ndaje -ko peteï mitä’i indio-kuéra apyté-pe,
3-born Report.Evid -FOC one child indian-Pl middle-Loc

It is said that a boy was born among the Indians.

Nació, dicen que, un niño de entre los indios.


ha michï ra’y-mi n-o-monde-sé-i voiFocalizer Particle 'voi' mba’evé-icha-gua ao.
Conj small son-Dim Neg-3-put-Des-Neg FOC any-type-place clothes

And since he was a little kid he never wanted to put clothes on.

Y desde chiquito no quería luego ponerse ninguna clase de ropa.


I-túva ha i-sy o-mondé-va hese, ha’e o-mboi-pa jey.
3-father Conj 3-mother 3-put-Hab 3Pron.Obl, 3Pro 3-remove-Tot again

Whatever his dad and mom put on him, he would take it off again.

Su papá y su mamá lo que le ponían se quitaba todo otra vez él.


Ha’e nd-oi-kutú-i voiFocalizer Particle 'voi' chupe ñuatï, ku tapiti ra’ý-icha.
3Pro Neg-3-pinch-Neg FOC 3.Pron thorns, Dem rabbit son-similar

No thorn pricked him ever, just like those little rabbits.

A él no le hincaba luego espinas, igual que a un conejito.


o-dipara oi-ke pe karaguata-tý-re, ha upéi-nte o-së jey.
3-run 3-go.in Dem plant-pile-Obl, Conj Dem-only 3-go.out again

He would go in running among the karaguata (plants) and then could come out again.

Entraba corriendo entre los karaguatáses y después salía nomás otra vez.


Sapy’á-nte o-ho mombyry mbyry umi otro toldería-rupi
Some.time-only 3-go far far Dem another camps-around

Sometimes he would go very far close to the (Indian) camps.

A veces se iba lejos muy lejos cerca de los otros campamentos.


Ha do tre dia hagué-peLocational Relative Aspect 'ha' i-sy umía o-gueru jey chupe.
Conj two three days Sub.Term-Loc 3-mother those 3-bring again 3.Pron

And after two or three days his parents would bring him back again.

Y dos tres días después su mamá y esos [y otros] le traían otra vez.


7 año o-guereko rire ha’e, o-ñe-mboi-pa-ite o-pívo vera hóga renondé-pe,
7 year 3-have after 3Pro, 3-Refl-remove-Tot-Max 3-naked completely 3.Poss-house front-Loc

After he turned 7 years old, he undressed entirely in front of his house

Después de cumplir 7 años, se desnudó todito frente a su casa.


Ha upe-guive nd-o-je-hecha-vé-i.
Conj Dem-from.Prep Neg-3-Refl-see-more-Neg

And from then on no one saw him again.

Y desde ahí ya no se le vio más.


Upéi o-juhu jeý-rö jepe chupe
Then 3-find again-Cond again 3.Pron

After whenever his parents found him again around there,

Después si su mama y su papá le encontraban a él nuevamente allí por donde andaba,


la i-sy ha i-túva pe oiko -haLocational Relative Pronoun 'ha' rupi, nd-oi-kuaa-vé-i -ma chupe hikuái.
Det.Det 3Pos-mother Conj 3.Poss-father Dem 3-exist -Rel.Loc around, Neg-3-know-more-Neg -Asp 3.Pron 3.Pron.Pl

...his mother and father did not recognize him.

...ya ellos no lo reconocían.


Upéi-ngo peteï karai, pueblo Valenzuela-gua, Médico Pombéro o-je-’e -ha,Nominalizer 'ha'
After-FOC one man, town Valenzuela-place, doctor Pombéro 3-Refl-say -Nom

After a man from the town Valenzuela, Doctor Pombero, they called him,

Después un señor, del pueblo de Valenzuela, Médico Pombero le decían,


o-ï-va Sapukái-pe, o-mombe’u i-túva o-poro-juka -hagueSubordinate 'ha' Valenzuela táva-pe upe jave.
3-exist-Hab Sapukái-Loc, 3-tell 3Pos-father 3-Indef-kill -Sub.Term Valenzuela town-Loc Dem then

...who was in Sapukai, said that his father had killed someone in the town of Valenzuela long ago.

...que estaba en Sapukai, contó que su papá le había matado a alguien en el pueblo de Valenzuela cuando eso.


(ha ymá-ngo nde rei-kuaa, ñane retä-me rei-ké-rö peteï ka’aguý-pe
Conj time.ago-FOC 2SPro 2Sg-know 1Pl.Incl-country-Loc 2Sg-go.in-Cond one forest-Loc

(and you know that for long time in our country, if you go into the forest...)

(y vos sabes que desde hace tiempo en nuestro país si entras a un monte...)


nde-rei-kuaá-i moõ-pa re-hó-ta re-së reína.)Not continuative. Emphasis on moõ-pa.
Neg-2Sg-know-Neg where-Q 2Sg-go-Prosp 2Sg-go.out 2Sg.Emph

(...you don’t know where you would go out)

(...ya no sabes donde irás a salir)


O-poro-juka la karai upéa ha oi-ke la ka’aguý-pe ra'e.Matrix Evid, narrator oriented
3-Indef-kill Def.Det [Sp] man Dem Conj 3-go.in Def.Det [Sp] forest-Loc Evid

This man killed someone and entered the forest again, it appears.

El señor este asesinó y entró en el monte, había sido.


Upéi ndaje o-ho oi-ke peteï tolderia tuichá-va-pe,
Then Report.Evid 3-go 3-go.in one camp big-Rel-Loc

Then it is said that he went to enter a large camp.

Después dice que se fue a entrar a un campamento grande


Ha ha’e nd-oi-kuaá-i-va upe tolderia o-ï-va -haSubordinate 'ha' upé-pe.
Conj 3Sg-Pron Neg-3-know-Neg-Hab Dem camp 3-exit-Hab -Sub Dem-Loc

And he did not know that there was a camp there.

Y él no sabía que ese campamento se encontraba allí.


O-ho o-ñe’ë la kasíke ndive:
3-go 3-speak Def.Det [Sp] indian.chief with

He went to speak to the Indian chief:

Se fue a hablar con el cacique:


-Péa-ngo la che káso, ha nd-ai-katú-i piko ai-ko pene-ndive.
that-FOC Def.Def 1Sg.Poss case, Conj Neg-1Sg-can-Neg Q 1Sg-live 2.Pl-with

"This is my case and I couldn’t live with you all."

-Este es mi caso, y no podría vivir con ustedes.


-Guéno –he’i chupe la kasíke, ha o-pyta oi-ko hendive-kuéra.
Okay -3.say 3.Pron Def.Det [Sp] chief, Conj 3-stay 3-live 3Pl.with-Pl

"Okay," the chief said to him, and he stayed to live with them.

-Bueno – le dijo el cacique, y se quedó a vivir con ellos.


O-juka la guyra’-i, opáicha-gua tymba ka’aguy.
3-kill Def.Det [Sp] bird-Dim, variety-source animal forest

They killed small birds, (and) all kinds of forest animals.

Mataban pajaritos, muchas clases de animales del monte.


Ho’ú-va la indio-kuéra ho’u hendive-kuéra. O-ke hendive-kuéra.
3.eat-Rel Def.Det [Sp] indian-Pl 3.eat 3Pl.with-Pl. 3-sleep 3Pl.with-Pl

What the Indians ate, he ate with them. He slept with them.

Lo que comían los indios, él comía con ellos. Dormía con ellos.


Upéi-ngo pe un me, o-mboty pota rupi hína,Emphasis on the temporal adverb he’i chupe la kasíke:
after-FOC Dem Indef month 3-close Asp around Emph 3.say 3.Pron Def.Det [Sp] chief:

Then after almost a month, the chief said to him:

Luego, después un poco antes de cumplir un mes, le dijo el cacique:


-Nde-re-ho-sé-i piko nde róga-pe re-visita nde roga-ygua-kuéra.
-Neg-2Sg-go-Des-Neg Q 2Sg.Poss house-Loc 2Sg-visit 2Sg.Poss house-place-Pl

"Don’t you want to go to visit your family?"

- No queres irte a tu casa a visitarle a tus familiares.


-A-ha-se, áça katu a-kyhyjé-ngo.
1Sg-go-Des, but.Conj 1Sg-afraid-FOC

"I want to, but I am afraid."

- Me quiero ir pero tengo miedo.


-Ani re-kyhyje-te-i –he’i chupe; che a-mondó-ta nendive peteï che ra’y.
--Neg 2Sg-afraid-Superl-Neg 3.say 3.Pron 1Sg.Pro 1Sg-send-Prosp 2Sg.with one 1Sg.Poss son

"Don’t be afraid," he said to him, "I will send my son with you..."

-No tengas miedo- le dijo -; yo le voy a mandar contigo a un hijo mío...


O-ñangareko -va’erä nde rehe.
3-take.care -Mod 2Sg Obl.P

...he can take care of you,

...que te pueda cuidar a vos,


ha upéi o-së la tóldo guý-gui la indio-i peteï i-jao’-ÿ-va,
Conj then 3-go.out Def.Det [Sp] tent under-from.Prep Def.Det [Sp] indian-Dim one 3.Poss-clothes-Neg-Rel

...and then a little indian without clothes came from.Prep under the tent,

...y después salió de debajo del toldo un indiecito sin ropa,


áça katu ndo-hechá-i la i-pire; o-ñe-moï la karai yké-re.
But.Conj Neg-see-Neg Def.Det [Sp] 3.Poss skin; 3-Refl-put Def.Det [Sp] man next-Obl

...but he did not see [the color of] his skin; he put himself next to the man.

...pero no le vio su [color de] piel. Se puso al lado del señor.


Ha ndaje o-së-vo la tolderiá-gui la karai, no-ñe-ñandu-vé-i.
Conj Report.Evid 3-go.out-Simult Def.Det [Sp] tent-from.Prep Def.Det [Sp] man, Neg-Refl-remember-more-Neg.

And it is said that when the man came out of the tent, he did not remember anything anymore.

Y se dice que al salir del campamento el señor ya no se acordaba de nada.


"Nd-ai-kuaá-iko che a-ké-pa ra'eEmbedded, wh-complement, matrix subject (speaker) oriented térä-pa mba’e la oi-kó-va" --he’i.
Neg-1Sg-know-FOC 1Sg.Pro 1Sg-sleep-Q Evid but.Conj-Q thing Def.Det[Sp] 3-happen-Rel 3.say

“I didn’t know whether I was sleeping or what was happening,” he said.

“No sabía si yo estaba durmiendo había sido o que lo que estaba pasando,” dijo.


Ha áçaite-rante ha ha’e-te ku o-páy-va: “Ha péa-ngo che róga,” he’i la karai.
Conj soon-FOC Conj 3.be-Superl Dem 3-wake.up-Rel: “Conj Dem-FOC 1Sg.Poss house" 3.say Def.Det [Sp] man

And soon, it seemed like he was waking up: “And that is my house,” said the man.

Y enseguida parecía que ya se despertaba: “y esa es mi casa”, dijo el señor.


O-ñe-ñandu hóga portón-pe -ma.
3-Refl-feel 3.Poss-house gate-Loc -Asp.

He felt like he was at the gate of his house.

Se sintió en el portón de su casa.


O-guahë pyhare-reí -ma,
3-arrive night-mid -Asp

It was midnight already when he arrived,

Llegó ya en medio de la noche,


Ha ndaje hembireko oi-kutu ryguasu o-ke -há-guiLocational Relative Pronoun 'ha' hína,Continuative
Conj Report.Evid 3.Poss-wife 3-stick chicken 3-sleep -Rel.Loc Cont

...And it is said that his wife stuck a knife where a chicken was sleeping,

...y dicen que su señora clavo una gallina en donde estaba dormida,


O-juka, o-mbochyryry chupe ha o-sena ha’e la indio karape-mi avei, i-mesá-pe.
3-kill, 3-fried 3.Pron Conj 3-dine 3.Pron Def.Det [Sp] indian small-Dim also 3Pos-table-Loc

She killed and fried for him, and he had dinner, with the little Indian also, at his table.

Mató, fritó para él y cenó el -- con el indio bajito también- en su mesa.


O-sena-mba porã upé-pe hikuái,
3-dine-all well there-Loc 3.Pron.Pl,

They all dined well there,

Cenaron todos bien allí ellos,


ha “aní-ke ne ko’ẽ, háke akói re-je-heka,” he’i chupe la hembireko,
Conj “Neg-Imp 2Sg-dawn, watch.out always 2Sg-Refl-search," 3.say 3.Pron Def.Det [Sp] 3Pos.wife

...and, “Don’t stay up until dawn, watch out that they are always looking for you,” said his wife,

...y, “no vayas a amanecer, cuidado que siempre te están buscando,” le dijo su señora,


“o-je-peka nde-rehe hína."Continuative
“3-Refl-fish 2Sg-Obl.P Cont.”

“They are out fishing for you.”

“Están pescando por vos."


Upéi o-së o-je-depedi la hembirekó-gui,
Then 3-go.out 3-Refl-goodbye Def.Det [Sp] 3.Poss.wife-from.Prep

Then he came out to say goodbye to his wife,

Después salió a despedirse de su esposa,


ha o-së-vo pe portón-pe ha’e, no-ñe-ñandu-vé-i jey.
Conj 3-go.out-Simult Dem gate-Loc 3.Subj, Neg-Refl-feel-more-Neg again.

...and when he went out to the gate, again he did not feel anything.

...y al salir al portón él, ya no se sintió más otra vez.


Ha o-ke vaicha jey –nd-oi-kuaá-i mboy aravó-pa
Conj 3-sleep seem again –Neg-3-know-Neg how.much time-Q

And it seemed like he was sleeping again –he did not know how long.

Y pareciera que dormía otra vez- no sabía cuánto tiempo.


Ha upéi ha’e-te ku o-páy jeý -ma -va ha o-je-juhú -ma la te’ýi reko -hápeLocational Relative Pronoun 'ha' jey.
Conj then be-Superl Dem 3-wake.up again -Asp -Rel Conj 3-Refl-find -Asp Def.Det [Sp] people live -Rel.Loc again.

And then it seemed that he woke up again and found himself again where people [of the camp] lived.

Y después parecía que ya se despertó otra vez y se encontraba donde viven las personas [de la toldería] otra vez.