Guarani Corpus

Funded by NSF BCS-1917619

Additional Resources Publications

Story #14

Pombero Indio

Pombero Indian

'Pombero Indian'


Hover over Guaraní morphemes written in purple to see their syntactic function.

Audio for Story #14:


O-nase ndajeReportative Evidential 'ndaje' -ko peteĩ mitã’i indio-kuéra apyté-pe,
3Sg-born Report.Evid -FOC one child Indian-Pl middle-Loc

It is said that a boy was born among the Indians.

Nació, dicen que, un niño de entre los indios.


ha michĩ ra’y-mi n-o-monde-sé-i voiFocalizer Particle 'voi' mba’evé-icha-gua ao.
Conj small son-Dim Neg-3Sg-put-Des-Neg FOC any-type-place clothes

And since he was a little kid he never wanted to put clothes on.

Y desde chiquito no quería luego ponerse ninguna clase de ropa.


I-túva ha i-sy o-mondé-va hese, ha’e o-mboi-pa Covert Direct Object Pronoun jey.
3-father Conj 3-mother 3Pl-put-Hab 3.Pron.Obl 3.Pron 3Sg-remove-Compl 3.Pron.DO again

Whatever his dad and mom put on him, he would take (it) off again.

Su papá y su mamá lo que le ponían se quitaba (todo) él otra vez.


Ha’e nd-oi-kutú-i voiFocalizer Particle 'voi' chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun ñuatĩ, ku tapiti ra’ý-icha.
3.Pron Neg-3Sg-pinch-Neg FOC 3.Pron.DO thorns Dem rabbit son-similar

No thorn pricked him ever, just like those little rabbits.

A él no le hincaba luego espinas, igual que a un conejito.


o-dipara oi-ke pe karaguata-tý-re, ha upéi-nte o-sẽ jey.
3Sg-run 3Sg-go.in Dem plant-pile-Obl Conj Dem-only 3Sg-go.out again

He would go in running among the karaguata (plants) and then could come out again.

Entraba corriendo entre los karaguatáses y después salía nomás otra vez.


Sapy’á-nte o-ho mombyry mbyry umi otro toldería-rupi
Some.time-only 3Sg-go far far Dem another camps-around

Sometimes he would go very far close to the (Indian) camps.

A veces se iba lejos muy lejos cerca de los otros campamentos.


Ha do tre dia hagué-peLocational Relative Pronoun 'ha' i-sy umía o-gueru jey chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
Conj two three days Sub.TermAsp-Loc 3-mother those 3Pl-bring again 3.Pron.DO

And after two or three days his parents would bring him back again.

Y dos tres días después su mamá y esos [y otros] le traían otra vez.


7 año o-guereko rire ha’e,
7 year 3Sg-have after 3.Pron

After he turned 7 years old,

Después de cumplir 7 años,


o-ñe-mboi-pa-ite o-pívo vera hóga renondé-pe,
3Sg-Refl-remove-Compl-Max 3Sg-naked completely 3.Poss.house front-Loc

he undressed entirely in front of his house

se desnudó todito frente a su casa.


Ha upe-guive nd-o-je-hecha-vé-i.
Conj Dem-Prep Neg-3Sg-Refl-see-more-Neg

And from then on no one saw him again.

Y desde ahí ya no se le vio más.


Upéi o-juhu jeý-rõ jepe chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun la i-sy ha i-túva
Then 3Pl-find again-Cond again 3.Pron.DO Det.Det 3.Poss-mother Conj 3.Poss-father

After whenever his parents found him again

Después si su mama y su papá le encontraban a él nuevamente


pe oiko -haLocational Relative Pronoun 'ha' rupi, nd-oi-kuaa-vé-i -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' chupe hikuái.
Dem 3Sg-exist -Rel.Loc around Neg-3Pl-know-more-Neg -Asp 3.Pron.IO 3Pl.Pron.Subj

around there, they did not recognize him.

allí por donde andaba, ya ellos no lo reconocían.


Upéi-ngo peteĩ karai, pueblo Valenzuela-gua, Médico Pombéro o-je-’e -ha,Nominalizer 'ha'
After-FOC one man town Valenzuela-place doctor Pombéro 3Pl-Refl-say -Nom

After a man from the town Valenzuela, Doctor Pombero, they called him,

Después un señor, del pueblo de Valenzuela, Médico Pombero le decían,


o-ĩ-va Sapukái-pe, o-mombe’u i-túva
3Sg-exist-Hab Sapukái-Loc 3Sg-tell 3.Poss-father

who was in Sapukai, said that his father

que estaba en Sapukai, contó que su papá


o-poro-juka hagueTerminative Subordinator Valenzuela táva-pe upe jave.
3.Sg-Indef-kill Sub.TermAsp Valenzuela town-Loc Dem then

had killed someone in the town of Valenzuela long ago.

le había matado a alguien en el pueblo de Valenzuela cuando eso.


(ha ymá-ngo nde rei-kuaa, ñane retã-me rei-ké-rõ peteĩ ka’aguý-pe
Conj time.ago-FOC 2Sg.Pron.Subj 2Sg-know 1Pl.Incl-country-Loc 2Sg-go.in-Cond one forest-Loc

(and you know that for long time in our country, if you go into the forest,

(y vos sabes que desde hace tiempo en nuestro país si entras a un monte,


nde-rei-kuaá-i moõ-pa re-hó -taProspective Aspect re-sẽ reína.)Not continuative. Emphasis on moõ-pa.
Neg-2Sg-know-Neg where-Q 2Sg-go -Prosp 2Sg-go.out 2Sg.Emph

you don’t know where you would go out)

ya no sabes donde irás a salir)


O-poro-juka la karai upéa ha oi-ke la ka’aguý-pe ra'e.Matrix Evid, narrator oriented
3Sg-Indef-kill Def.Det man Dem Conj 3Sg-go.in Def.Det forest-Loc Evid

This man killed someone and entered the forest again, it appears.

El señor este asesinó y entró en el monte, había sido.


Upéi ndajeReportative Evidential 'ndaje' o-ho oi-ke peteĩ tolderia tuichá -vaRelativizer 'va' -pe,
Then Report.Evid 3Sg-go 3Sg-go.in one camp big -Rel -Loc

Then it is said that he went to enter a large camp.

Después dice que se fue a entrar a un campamento grande


Ha ha’e nd-oi-kuaá-i-va upe tolderia o-ĩ-va -haSubordinate 'ha' upé-pe.
Conj 3.Pron Neg-3Sg-know-Neg-Hab Dem camp 3Sg-exist-Hab -Sub Dem-Loc

And he did not know that there was a camp there.

Y él no sabía que ese campamento se encontraba allí.


O-ho o-ñe’ẽ la kasíke ndive:
3Sg-go 3Sg-speak Def.Det Indian.chief with

He went to speak to the Indian chief:

Se fue a hablar con el cacique:


——Péa-ngo la che káso, ha nd-ai-katú-i piko ai-ko pene-ndive.
——that-FOC Def.Def 1Sg.Poss case Conj Neg-1Sg-can-Neg Q 1Sg-live 2Pl-with

"This is my case and I couldn’t live with you all."

"Este es mi caso, y no podría vivir con ustedes."


——Guéno ——he’i chupe la kasíke, ha o-pyta oi-ko hendive-kuéra.
——Okay ——3Sg.say 3.Pron.IO Def.Det chief Conj 3Sg-stay 3Sg-live 3Pl.with-Pl

"Okay," the chief said to him, and he stayed to live with them.

"Bueno," le dijo el cacique, y se quedó a vivir con ellos.


O-juka la guyra’-i, opáicha-gua tymba ka’aguy.
3Sg-kill Def.Det bird-Dim variety-source animal forest

They killed small birds, (and) all kinds of forest animals.

Mataban pajaritos, muchas clases de animales del monte.


Ho’ú -vaRelativizer 'va' la indio-kuéra ho’u hendive-kuéra. O-ke hendive-kuéra.
3Sg.eat -Rel Def.Det Indian-Pl 3Sg.eat 3Pl.with-Pl 3Sg-sleep 3Pl.with-Pl

What the Indians ate, he ate with them. He slept with them.

Lo que comían los indios, él comía con ellos. Dormía con ellos.


Upéi-ngo pe un me, o-mboty pota rupi hína,Emphasis on the temporal adverb he’i chupe la kasíke:
after-FOC Dem Indef month 3Sg-close Asp around Emph 3Sg.say 3.Pron.IO Def.Det chief

Then after almost a month, the chief said to him:

Luego, después un poco antes de cumplir un mes, le dijo el cacique:


——Nde-re-ho-sé-i piko nde róga-pe re-visita nde roga-ygua-kuéra?
——Neg-2Sg-go-Des-Neg Q 2Sg.Poss house-Loc 2Sg-visit 2Sg.Poss house-place-Pl

"Don’t you want to go to visit your family?"

"¿No querés irte a tu casa a visitarle a tus familiares?"


——A-ha-se, áça katu a-kyhyjé-ngo.
——1Sg-go-Des Conj 1Sg-afraid-FOC

"I want to, but I am afraid."

"Me quiero ir pero tengo miedo."


——Ani re-kyhyje-te-i ——he’i chupe;
——Neg 2Sg-afraid-Superl-Neg ——3Sg.say 3.Pron.IO

"Don’t be afraid," he said to him;

"No tengas miedo," le dijo;


——che a-mondó -taProspective Aspect nendive peteĩ che ra’y.
——1Sg.Pron 1Sg-send -Prosp 2Sg.with one 1Sg.Poss son

"I will send my son with you."

"yo le voy a mandar contigo a un hijo mío."


O-ñangareko -va’erã nde rehe.
3Sg-take.care -Mod 2Sg.Pron.IO Prep.Obl

He can take care of you,

Que te pueda cuidar a vos,


ha upéi o-sẽ la tóldo guý-gui la indio-i peteĩ i-jao’-ỹ -va,Relativizer 'va'
Conj then 3Sg-go.out Def.Det tent under-Prep Def.Det Indian-Dim one 3.Poss-clothes-Neg -Rel

and then a little Indian without clothes came from under the tent,

y después salió de debajo del toldo un indiecito sin ropa,


áça katu ndo-hechá-i la i-pire; o-ñe-moĩ la karai yké-re.
Conj Neg-see-Neg Def.Det 3.Poss-skin 3Sg-Refl-put Def.Det man next-Obl

but he did not see [the color of] his skin; he put himself next to the man.

pero no le vio su [color de] piel; se puso al lado del señor.


Ha ndajeReportative Evidential 'ndaje' o-sẽ-vo la tolderiá-gui la karai,
Conj Report.Evid 3Sg-go.out-Conj.Simult Def.Det tent-Prep Def.Det man

And it is said that when the man came out of the tent,

Y se dice que al salir del campamento el señor,


no-ñe-ñandu-vé-i.
Neg-Refl-remember-more-Neg

he did not remember anything anymore.

ya no se acordaba de nada.


——Nd-ai-kuaá-iko che a-ké-pa ra'eEmbedded, wh-complement, matrix subject (speaker) oriented
——Neg-1Sg-know-FOC 1Sg.Pron 1Sg-sleep-Q Evid

"I didn’t know whether I was sleeping

"No sabía si yo estaba durmiendo había sido


térã-pa mba’e la oi-kó -va,Relativizer 'va' ——he’i.
Conj-Q thing Def.Det 3Sg-happen -Rel ——3Sg.say

or what was happening," he said.

o que lo que estaba pasando," dijo.


Ha áçaite-rante ha ha’e-te ku o-páy -va:Relativizer 'va'
Conj soon-FOC Conj 3Sg.be-Superl Dem 3Sg-wake.up -Rel

And soon, it seemed like he was waking up:

Y enseguida parecía que ya se despertaba:


——Ha péa-ngo che róga ——he’i la karai.
——Conj Dem-FOC 1Sg.Poss house ——3Sg.say Def.Det man

"And that is my house," said the man.

"y esa es mi casa," dijo el señor.


O-ñe-ñandu hóga portón-pe -ma.Aspect/Focalizer '-ma'
3Sg-Refl-feel 3.Poss.house gate-Loc -Asp

He felt like he was at the gate of his house.

Se sintió en el portón de su casa.


O-guahẽ pyhare-reí -ma,Aspect/Focalizer '-ma'
3Sg-arrive night-mid -Asp

It was midnight already when he arrived,

Llegó ya en medio de la noche,


Ha ndajeReportative Evidential 'ndaje' hembireko oi-kutu ryguasu o-ke -há-guiLocational Relative Pronoun 'ha' hína,Continuative
Conj Report.Evid 3.Poss.wife 3Sg-stick chicken 3Sg-sleep -Rel-Prep Cont

And it is said that his wife stuck a knife where a chicken was sleeping,

y dicen que su señora clavo una gallina en donde estaba dormida,


O-juka, o-mbochyryry chupe ha o-sena ha’e
3Sg-kill 3Sg-fried 3.Pron.IO Conj 3Sg-dine 3.Pron

She killed and fried for him, and he had dinner,

Mató, fritó para él y cenó el,


la indio karape-mi avei, i-mesá-pe.
Def.Det Indian small-Dim also 3.Poss-table-Loc

with the little Indian also, at his table.

con el indio bajito también, en su mesa.


O-sena-mba porã upé-pe hikuái,
3Pl-dine-all well Dem-Loc 3Pl.Pron.Subj

They all dined well there,

Cenaron todos bien allí ellos,


ha ——aní-ke ne-ko’ẽ, háke akói re-je-heka
Conj ——Neg-Imp 2Sg-dawn watch.out always 2Sg-Refl-search

and, "Don’t stay up until dawn, watch out that they are always looking for you,"

y, "no vayas a amanecer, cuidado que siempre te están buscando,"


——he’i chupe la hembireko,
——3Sg.say 3.Pron.IO Def.Det 3.Poss.wife

said his wife,

le dijo su señora,


——o-je-peka nde-rehe hína.Continuative
——3Pl-Refl-fish 2Sg-Prep.Obl Cont

"They are out fishing for you."

"Están pescando por vos."


Upéi o-sẽ o-je-depedi la hembirekó-gui,
Then 3Sg-go.out 3Sg-Refl-goodbye Def.Det 3.Poss.wife-Prep

Then he came out to say goodbye to his wife,

Después salió a despedirse de su esposa,


ha o-sẽ-vo pe portón-pe ha’e, no-ñe-ñandu-vé-i jey.
Conj 3Sg-go.out-Conj.Simult Dem gate-Loc 3.Pron Neg-Refl-feel-more-Neg again

and when he went out to the gate, again he did not feel anything.

y al salir al portón él, ya no se sintió más otra vez.


Ha o-ke vaicha jey - nd-oi-kuaá-i mboy aravó-pa
Conj 3Sg-sleep seem again - Neg-3Sg-know-Neg how.much time-Q

And it seemed like he was sleeping again – he did not know how long.

Y pareciera que dormía otra vez - no sabía cuánto tiempo.


Ha upéi ha’e-te ku o-páy jeý -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' -vaRelativizer 'va'
Conj then be-Superl Dem 3Sg-wake.up again -Asp -Rel

And then it seemed that he woke up again

Y después parecía que ya se despertó otra vez


ha o-je-juhú -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' la te’ýi reko -há-peLocational Relative Pronoun 'ha' jey.
Conj 3Sg-Refl-find -Asp Def.Det people live -Rel-Loc again.

and found himself again where people [of the camp] lived.

y se encontraba donde viven las personas [de la toldería] otra vez.