Guarani Corpus

Funded by NSF BCS-1917619

Additional Resources Publications

Overt Direct Object Pronoun


Mombe'u Stories


Story #1

(1)
——Nd-ai-katu mo’ã-i ai-pe’a ndéve, Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
——Neg-1Sg-be.able Prosp-Neg 1Pl-take.out 2Sg.Pron.DO

"I will not be able to take you out,"

No podré sacarte,


pórke nde che-apeligra he’i chupe la típo.
because 2Sg.Pron.Subj 1Sg-DO-endanger 3Sg-say 3.Pron.IO Def.Det guy

"because you put me in danger," the guy [snake] said to him.

porque vos me pones en peligro, --le dijo el tipo.


(2)
——ha upéi hasý-pe la karai’y o-guenohẽ chupeOvert Direct Object Pronoun ra'eMatrix, speaker oriented evidentiality/slight surprise
——Conj then fatigue-Loc Def.Det young.man 3Sg-remove 3.Pron.DO Evid

--and then in the end the young man took him out, it turns out.

--y después a la cansada el muchacho lo sacó.


(3)
Ha o-sẽ-re upé-gui voi, 'Voi' Focalizer Particle
Conj 3Sg-out-at there-Prep Emph

And when he got out,

Y al salir de ahí,


o-ú -ma la mbói ho’u haguãIrrealis Subordinator 'ha' chupeOvert Direct Object Pronoun"
3Sg-eat -Asp Def.Det snake 3Sg-eat Sub.Irr 3.Pron.DO

the snake came to eat him.

ya vino la víbora para comerle.


(4)
Péa oréveOvert Direct Object Pronoun" ore-jagarra, ore-mosã, o-jupi ore ári,
Dem.Pron-This 1Pl.Excl.Pron.DO 1Pl.Excl.DO-grab 1Pl.Excl.DO-rope 3Pl-get.on 1Pl.Excl-on

"Those ones grab us, rope us, gets on us,"

"Esos a nosotros nos agarran, nos enlazan,"


(5)
——Péa oréveOvert Direct Object Pronoun" ore-jokua ore akã-gui yvyrá-re,
——Dem.Pron-This 1Pl.Excl.Pron.DO 1Pl.Excl.DO-ties 1Pl.Excl.Poss head-Prep wood-Pl.Obl

"This one ties our head to the wood,"

"Este nos ata nuestra cabeza por la madera,"


(6)
ha ko’ãga ha’e ho’u-se chupeOvert Direct Object Pronoun" hína.Emphasis on the pronoun ‘chupe’. No temporal contribution.
Conj now 3.Pron 3Sg-eat-Des 3.Pron.DO Emph

and now he wants to eat him?

y ahora él le quiere comer a él?


Story #3

(1)
Ha o-mbo-jepe’e chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun la kuñakarai.
Conj 3Sg-let.get.warm 3.Pron.DO Def.Det woman

And then the female (tiger) let him warm up.

Y la mujer le dejó calentarse.


(2)
Ha o-mo-nge chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
Conj 3Sg-let-sleep 3.Pron.DO

And she let him sleep.

Y le dejo dormir.


Story #4

(1)
o-invitá-vo avei chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun i-sánto ára-hápeLocational Relative Pronoun 'ha' guarã.
3Sg-invite-Asp.Goal also 3.Pron.DO 3.Poss-saint day-Rel.Loc for

to invite her also for his saint day.

a invitarla también para su día santo.


(2)
Ha i-komádre ae no-momarã-i chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
Conj 3.Poss-fem.close.friend causal Neg-let.down-Neg 3.Pron.DO

And his close friend did not let him down.

Y su comadre al fín no le defraudó.


(3)
O-sẽ voiFocalizer Particle 'voi' o-huguaitĩ-vo chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
3Sg-go.out Emph 3Sg-meet-Asp.Goal 3.Pron.DO

She came out to meet him.

Salió luego a su encuentro [a encontrarle].


(4)
i-komái añoite n-o-momarãi chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
3.Poss-fem.friend alone Neg-3Sg-let.down 3.Pron.DO

only his friend (she-goat) did not let him down.

su comadre solita no lo defraudó.


(5)
Óga jára katu nda-hory-pá-i, o-ĩ o-moangekói-va chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
House mistress Emph Neg-happy-Compl-Neg 3Sg-exist 3Sg-bother-Hab 3.Pron.DO

The mistress of the house was not entirely happy; something was bothering her.

La dueña de casa no estaba muy contenta [amable]; había algo que le molestaba.


Story #5

(1)
o-ko’i hese hikuái ha o-gueraha mombyry chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun upé-gui.
3Pl-get.together 3Sg.Pron.Obl 3Pl.Pron.Subj Conj 3Pl-take far 3.Pron.DO Dem-Prep

They all got together and took him far from there.

Se juntaron todos y le llevaron lejos de ahí.


(2)
Ha jaguarete oi-mo’ã o-jorá-ta chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun hikuái ra’ẽ,Embedded ra'e, matrix subject oriented (juagarete’s realization)
Conj tiger 3Sg-think 3Pl-untie-Prosp 3.Pron.DO 3Pl.Pron.Subj Evid

And the tiger thought that they would untie him [he realized],

Y el jaguareté creyó que le iban a desatar [se dio cuenta],


(3)
Ha oi-tývo chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun ka’i umía yvý-pe,
Conj 3Pl-throw.down 3.Pron.DO monkey Dem ground-Loc

And the monkeys threw him to the ground

Y le echaron los monos al suelo


(4)
o-jora haguãIrrealis Subordinator 'ha' chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun la i-py-kua-ha.
3Sg-undo Sub.Irr 3.Pron.DO Def.Det 3.Poss-feet-tie-Nom

to untie him.

para deshacerle sus ataduras.


Story #8

(1)
pono [por sino] o-u ho’u chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun kuéra.
in.case 3Sg-come 3Sg.eat 3.Pron.DO Pl

in case he comes to eat them.

por si viene a comerles.


Story #10

(1)
e-mondo che Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun piári ãga la ñande apere’a de virtu
Imp-send 1Sg.Pron.DO find now Def.Det 1Pl.Incl.Poss rabbit of virtue

send our virtuous rabbit to find me,"

enviale a nuestro conejo virtuoso para que me busque,"


Story #11

(1)
Petẽi mbói áripi o-hasa peteĩ karréta ha oi-ku’a mopẽ chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
One snake on.top 3Sg-pass one wagon Conj 3Sg-middle break 3.Pron.DO

A wagon passed on top of a snake and broke it in half.

Sobre una víbora pasó una carreta y le trozó la cintura.


(2)
o-moinge i-guý-pe peteĩ garróte, o-mboguapy porã, pasiénsia-pe o-hupi chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
3Sg-put 3.Poss-under-Loc one stick 3Sg-sit well patience-Loc 3Sg-lift 3.Pron.DO

he put a stick under it, he sat it down, and with patience lifted it.

puso debajo [de la víbora] un garrote [un palo], le sentó bien, con paciencia le alzó.


(3)
Oi-pe’a chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun la tapé-gui.
3Sg-take.out 3.Pron.DO Def.Det trail-Prep

He removed it from the trail.

Lo sacó del camino.


(4)
Mbegue katu o-myaña, huguái o-mondo la takuru-kuá-pe chupe, Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
Slowly FOC 3Sg-push tail 3Sg-send Def.Det anthill-end-Loc 3.Pron.DO

Slowly he pushed it, sending the tail to the end of the anthill,

Lentamente le empujó, la cola mandó al fondo del hormiguero,


(5)
(oi-mo’ã la pála-re he’i chupe, Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun ra’e).Embedded, declarative, narrator/speaker oriented
3Sg-believe Def.Det shovel-Obl 3Sg.say 3.Pron.DO Evid

(he thought he was talking about the shovels).

(creyó que le decía por las palas, había sido).


(6)
Ha o-myañana -maAspect/Focalizer '-ma' chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun kuéra kotý-pe ha o-mbo-tokoro’o mbohapy-vé -vaRelativizer 'va' -pe.
Conj 3Sg-shove -Asp 3.Pron.DO Pl room-Loc Conj 3Sg-Caus-cluck three-more -Rel -DOM

And he shoved them into the room and made them cluck outloud, all three of them.

Y ya a empujones ya les metió en la pieza, y les hizo cacarear a todas las tres.


Story #12

(1)
ha he’i i-ñi-rũ-me o-hupi haguãIrrealis Subordinator 'ha' chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
Conj 3Sg.say 3.Poss-Pref-friend-Loc 3Sg-raise Sub.Irr 3.Pron.DO

and told his friend to raise [the container].

y le dijo a su compañero para que le alze (el cántaro).


(2)
Pytũ-mby-eté-pe o-pyta, oi-ty chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun ovayvávo,
Dark-middle-Superl-Loc 3Pl-stay 3Sg-throw 3.Pron.DO face.up

They remained completely in the dark, [the lightning] threw Leokádio backwards,

Se quedaron totalmente en la oscuridad, [el rayo] le echó [a Leokadio] de espalda,


Story #13

(1)
o-juhu chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun o-jepyso hínaContinuative la tataindy kuéra renondé-pe.
3Pl-find 3.Pron.DO 3Sg-extended Cont Def.Det candle Pl front.of-Loc

and found him lying down in front of the candles.

y lo encontraron que estaba tendido frente a todas las velas.


(2)
ha o-hupi hikuái Aguí-pe o-gueraha chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun la mama róga-pe.
Conj 3Pl-pick.up 3Pl.Pron.Subj Agustin-DOM 3Pl-take 3.Pron.DO Def.Det mother house-Loc

and they picked Agustin up and they took him to his mother’s house. [narrator’s mother’s house]

y le alzaron ellos a Agustín lo llevaron la casa de mama.


Story #14

(1)
Ha’e nd-oi-kutú-i voiFocalizer Particle 'voi' chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun ñuatĩ, ku tapiti ra’ý-icha.
3.Pron Neg-3Sg-pinch-Neg FOC 3.Pron.DO thorns Dem rabbit son-similar

No thorn pricked him ever, just like those little rabbits.

A él no le hincaba luego espinas, igual que a un conejito.


(2)
Ha do tre dia hagué-peLocational Relative Pronoun 'ha' i-sy umía o-gueru jey chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
Conj two three days Sub.TermAsp-Loc 3-mother those 3Pl-bring again 3.Pron.DO

And after two or three days his parents would bring him back again.

Y dos tres días después su mamá y esos [y otros] le traían otra vez.


(3)
Upéi o-juhu jeý-rõ jepe chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun la i-sy ha i-túva
Then 3Pl-find again-Cond again 3.Pron.DO Det.Det 3.Poss-mother Conj 3.Poss-father

After whenever his parents found him again

Después si su mama y su papá le encontraban a él nuevamente


Story #15

(1)
haguãichaIrrealis Subordinator 'ha' la vagon kuéra: o-hyekue’o-pa-ite voiFocalizer Particle 'voi' chupe. Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun
exist Sub.Irr Def.Det wagon Pl 3Pl-rip-Compl-Superl Emph 3.Pron.DO

the wagons [that were there]: they ripped him apart.

los vagones que habían: le destriparon luego.


(2)
O-topa gueteri upé-pe chupe Overt Direct Object (DO) Pronoun che kyvy Alfonso.
3Sg-find still Dem-Loc 3.Pron.DO 1Sg.Poss younger.son Alfonso

He found him there still, my younger son Alfonso.

Lo encontró ahí todavía, mi hijo menor Alfonso.